Electricity & Magnetism
Power and magnetism are close forces that are a part of one's everyday life - from keeping homes lighted to helping the compasses to always point north. This topic discusses how electric circuits operate, principle of Ohm's Law, and unusual behavior of magnets.
1 . Circuits ๐
A circuit is a closed loop that electricity flows through. Key components:
- Battery โ Source of voltage
- Conductor โ Wires
- Load โ Bulb or motor
- Switch โ Opens/closes the circuit
A circuit is a closed-circuit in which electricity flows. It is comprised of such elements as a power source, wires, and such devices as bulbs or motors.
Types of Circuits:
Series Circuit: One path โ breaks stop all current.
Parallel Circuit: Multiple paths โ components work independently.
Knowledge in circuits is important in design and debugging of electrical systems.
2. Ohm's Law
Ohm's law describes the concept of voltage, current, and resistances in a circuit.
V=IรR
V is voltage (volts)
I is current (amperes)
R is resistance (ohms)
What it Means:
As resistance goes up, the current goes down - if voltage remains constant.
It is useful in computing for the strength of a given current or for the resistor required to be used.
This law is essential to the practice of electrical protection and gadget formation.
โก Ohm's Law Simulator
Use the sliders to change Voltage (V) and Resistance (R). Current (I) is calculated using V = I ร R
3. Magnets
Magnets create a magnetic field that has the property to attract certain materials such as iron. They are the essence to how motors, generators, and compasses operate.
Types of Magnets:
Permanent magnets: Always magnetic (e.g., fridge magnets).
Electromagnets: Made when an electric current passes through a coil.
Magnetic Fields:
Poleward (north and south) it is the strongest.
Invisible lines indicate the direction and magnitude of the force.
Electricity and Magnetism Connection:
When electric charges are moved, there are magnetic fields produced.
Magnetic fields are capable of creating electricity that's how generators do it.
๐งฒ Magnetic Field Animation
This animation shows how magnetic field lines loop from the north to south pole of a bar magnet.